Election experts are nervously preparing for a rise in internet disinformation as Americans walk to the polls on Tuesday after Twitter Inc. sacked half of its workforce and its new owner Elon Musk posted a recommendation to vote for Republican candidates.

Threats, foul language, and false claims of voter fraud, according to researchers who investigate election misinformation, have been widely disseminated ahead of the U.S. midterm elections, which will determine control of Congress for the following two years.

Prevalent narratives include false claims that delays in vote counting are associated with fraud and that disease outbreaks are orchestrated as “scare tactics” to manipulate the election.