Germany has launched a challenge against Italy at the United Nations’ top court because Rome continues to enable victims of Nazi war crimes to seek restitution from the German state, despite an earlier finding that such claims breached international law.

Germany’s application to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which was published late on Friday on the court’s website, claims that Italy continues to allow compensation claims to be brought in domestic courts, despite the ICJ’s 2012 ruling that this violated Berlin’s right to immunity under international law.

Berlin says that since the 2012 ruling, there have been more than 25 new compensation claims filed in Italy against the German state for damages arising from Nazi crimes during World War Two. In many of these cases, courts have ordered Germany to pay compensation.