Around a third of Colombia’s population, or more than 15 million people, experience moderate to severe food insecurity as a result of the Andean nation’s protracted conflict, unemployment, and poverty, According to the UN World Food Programme (WFP).

Investigations by the World Food Programme (WFP) between June and November of last year revealed that 13.4 million Colombians experience moderate food insecurity, while 2.1 million experience severe food insecurity.

Food insecurity refers to insufficient access to food and nutrition on a temporary, acute, seasonal or chronic level, affecting people’s health, especially children, the WFP said.

“Factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, job losses, difficulties in accessing land, rising food prices, disasters caused by climate change and more recently supply shortages due to the crisis in Ukraine have pushed households to a high level of economic vulnerability,” the WFP said in a statement.

Colombia’s coastal Pacific and Caribbean regions saw food insecurity rise above 40%, higher than the national average, with the provinces of Sucre and Cordoba showing food insecurity of 63% and 70% respectively, the WFP said.

At the same time, food insecurity affected a greater number of people in urban centers, with 1.5 million people at risk in the capital Bogota alone, according to the report.

A major contributing factor to food insecurity is Colombia’s internal armed conflict, the WFP added. The conflict has raged for almost six decades, leaving hundreds of thousands dead and millions displaced.

“Half of the households that have been victims of the armed conflict suffer from food insecurity, compared to households that haven’t been victims, where food insecurity is 28%,” the report said.

In particular, households led by women, as well as Afro-Colombian or indigenous households, and where the main breadwinner is informally employed are the most vulnerable to food insecurity, the WFP said.