The U.S. Commerce Department announced proposed regulations on Tuesday to stop China and other nations of concern from using $52 billion in financing for semiconductor manufacture and research.

The proposal prohibits those who receive U.S. funding from expanding semiconductor manufacturing in nations like China and Russia that are of concern, as well as prohibits those who receive incentive funds from working together on joint research or technology licensing projects with a foreign entity of concern.

It also classifies some semiconductors as critical to national security – defining these chips as not considered to be a legacy chip and therefore subject to tighter restrictions.

This measure covers chips “including current-generation and mature-node chips used for quantum computing, in radiation-intensive environments, and for other specialized military capabilities.”

Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo said “these guardrails will help ensure we stay ahead of adversaries for decades to come.”

The Commerce Department plans to begin accepting applications in late June for a $39-billion semiconductor manufacturing subsidy program. The law also creates a 25% investment tax credit for building chip plants, estimated to be worth $24 billion.

In October, the department issued new export controls to cut China off from certain semiconductor chips made anywhere in the world with U.S. equipment, vastly expanding its reach in its bid to slow Beijing’s technological and military advances.

The rules built on restrictions sent in letters last year to top toolmakers KLA Corp, Lam Research Corp and Applied Materials Inc, effectively requiring them to halt shipments of equipment to wholly Chinese-owned factories producing advanced logic chips.

The Commerce Department on Tuesday said it would reinforce those controls by aligning prohibited technology thresholds for memory chips between export controls and CHIPS national security guardrails and include “a more restrictive threshold for logic chips than is used for export controls.”